Women's Imaging: Bone Density

Bone Density (DXA)

Women's Services

Bone Density (DXA)

Why is a DXA test done?

A bone density test, called dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) or bone densitometry, is done to:

Find out if you have osteoporosis, which involves a gradual loss of calcium, causing the bones to become thinner, more fragile and more likely to break
Monitor osteoporosis treatment.

What is a DXA test?

A DXA scan is an enhanced x-ray that is used to measure bone density in your hip and spine, and sometimes in other bones. The DXA machine has software that computes and displays the bone density measurements on a computer.

Who should have a DXA scan?

Women should have a DXA scan if:

You're age 65 or older
You break a bone after age 50
You're in menopause and have risk factors for osteoporosis
You're under age 65 but postmenopausal and have risk factors for osteoporosis
Risk factors include:
Family history of osteoporosis
Low body weight/being small and thin
Not getting enough calcium and vitamin C
Not eating enough fruits and vegetables
Getting too much protein, sodium, and caffeine
An inactive lifestyle
Drinking too much alcohol
Smoking
Losing weight

Men should also have a DXA scan starting at age 70. If they have risk factors for osteoporosis, they should start at age 50.

You may also need a DXA scan if you have:

A spine x-ray that shows a break or bone loss Back pain with a possible break in your spine
Height loss of:
1/2 inch or more within one year
A total of 1 1/2 inches

How often should I get a DXA scan?

Every two years for routine screening
About once a year after starting a new osteoporosis medicine

How do I prepare for a DXA test?

No preparation is needed.

What should I expect during the test?

You'll lie on a padded table.
The technologist walks into the next room to start the DXA machine.
You hold still while the technologist takes the pictures. (This is fast and painless.)